Visa Fraud Monitoring Program (VFMP)
VFMP was Visa's standalone fraud ratio monitoring program until June 2025, when it was merged into VAMP alongside VDMP. Use this calculator to see how your numbers would have compared under both the old and new programs.
Then — VFMP (until June 2025)
- → Tracked fraud reports (TC40) only
- → Standard trigger: ≥ 0.65% AND ≥ 75 fraud/month
- → High Risk trigger: ≥ 0.9% AND ≥ 90 fraud/month
- → Ran separately from VDMP (chargebacks)
Now — VAMP (from June 2025)
- → Combines TC40 fraud reports + TC15 chargebacks
- → Early Warning: ≥ 0.9% combined
- → Excessive: ≥ 1.5% combined (from April 2026)
- → Single unified ratio — no separate fraud track
1Your monthly numbers
Visa 10.4, 10.5 — used for VFMP fraud ratio
Non-fraud disputes — added for VAMP combined rate
Program thresholds at a glance
2Your ratios
Fraud ratio (VFMP logic)
TC40 fraud disputes ÷ transactions
VFMP standard: 0.65% + 75 min
Combined ratio (VAMP logic)
(TC40 fraud + TC15 disputes) ÷ transactions
VAMP excessive: 1.5% threshold
Under old VFMP program
Under the old VFMP program, your fraud ratio would not have triggered monitoring. Note: VFMP no longer exists — check your VAMP status below.
Under current VAMP program
Below the VAMP combined threshold. Keep monitoring monthly — the 1.5% ceiling applies to TC40 fraud reports + TC15 chargebacks combined.
VAMP is what matters today — track your fraud rate.
ChargeMate fights fraud chargebacks with CE 3.0 and AI-generated evidence so your combined VAMP rate stays below 1.5%.
What Was the Visa Fraud Monitoring Program?
The Visa Fraud Monitoring Program (VFMP) was Visa's standalone fraud ratio tracking system, operating from the early 2000s until its replacement by VAMP in June 2025. VFMP monitored TC40 fraud dispute reports — internal Visa records filed by issuing banks when cardholders report fraud — and tracked the resulting fraud rate against total settled transactions.
VFMP ran entirely separately from the Visa Dispute Monitoring Program (VDMP), which tracked formal chargeback ratios. A merchant could breach VFMP without breaching VDMP, and vice versa. Each program had its own fine schedule and remediation framework. This separation meant merchants with high fraud rates but carefully managed chargeback rates could remain in good standing under VDMP while racking up VFMP fines.
VFMP is no longer active. If you are researching your compliance obligations today, the relevant program is VAMP — which combines TC40 fraud reports and TC15 chargebacks into a single unified ratio with a 1.5% Excessive threshold (as of April 2026).
VFMP Thresholds (Historical Reference)
| Tier | Fraud ratio | Min fraud txns | Consequence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Safe | < 0.65% | Any | No monitoring |
| Standard | ≥ 0.65% | ≥ 75/month | Monitoring + escalating fines |
| High Risk | ≥ 0.9% | ≥ 90/month | Maximum fines + termination risk |
Historical reference only — VFMP was retired June 2025. Verify all compliance obligations with your acquirer under the current VAMP framework.
Why VFMP Was Replaced by VAMP
Running VFMP and VDMP as separate programs created a structural loophole: merchants could manage their formal chargeback rate down while allowing fraud rates to climb, or vice versa. Because each program had its own threshold and its own fine schedule, a merchant could technically be compliant under both by keeping each individual metric just below its respective trigger — even if the combined dispute and fraud burden on the payment ecosystem was unacceptably high.
VAMP eliminated this by combining both metrics into a single ratio. TC40 fraud reports and TC15 dispute transactions are added together in the numerator; total settled card-absent transactions form the denominator. There is one threshold, one monitoring program, and one fine structure — making the system significantly harder to manage around the edges.
The practical consequence: if your fraud ratio was near the VFMP Standard threshold of 0.65%, you may now sit near the VAMP Early Warning threshold of 0.9% combined — even without any change in behaviour. Adding regular chargebacks to the fraud count often pushes merchants higher than they expect.
VFMP vs VAMP: The Key Differences
What Is a TC40 Fraud Report?
A TC40 is an internal Visa data format used by issuing banks to report suspected fraud transactions to Visa's fraud monitoring system. TC40 reports are filed when a cardholder reports their card as compromised or used without authorisation. They are generated before the formal chargeback process begins — often days or weeks before the merchant receives a chargeback notification.
TC40 reports are Visa's internal fraud intelligence, not chargebacks themselves. However, they feed both the historical VFMP fraud ratio and the current VAMP combined ratio. A high TC40 volume at your merchant account — even before the corresponding chargebacks arrive — would have triggered VFMP monitoring and will today trigger VAMP monitoring.
Merchants cannot directly access their own TC40 data. Visa's Rapid Dispute Resolution (RDR) programme and Verifi's Order Insight can partially offset TC40 impact by resolving disputes before they escalate. Chargeback alert services (Verifi, Ethoca) provide advance notice of cardholder fraud reports, creating a window for proactive action.